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1. Introduction Testing the security of a new Microsoft Windows Server 2019 system is crucial to ensure the protection of sensitive information and prevent potential breaches. There are several methods that can be employed to test the security of the system, including vulnerability scanning, penetration testing, configuration review, log analysis, and compliance testing. These methods use automated tools such as Nessus, Metasploit, and Splunk to identify vulnerabilities, simulate attacks, and monitor for suspicious activity. …Read More

1. Introduction Reconnaissance and footprinting are essential components of Cybersecurity. They are used to gather information and identify vulnerabilities in a network or system. By conducting reconnaissance and footprinting, organizations can improve their overall security posture and reduce the risk of cyber attacks. This article will delve into the details of reconnaissance and footprinting, including their significance in the cyber attack process, different techniques and tools used, and the benefits of using them together in a coordinated effort. …Read More

1. Introduction Network scanning identifies active hosts on a network and gathers information about their open ports and services. Network scanning is an important aspect of network security as it identifies potential vulnerabilities and areas of the network that may be more susceptible to attack. By regularly performing network scans, organizations can proactively detect and remediate security issues before malicious actors can exploit them. It also helps in compliance with industry standards and regulations by identifying any network vulnerabilities that need to be addressed. …Read More

1. Introduction Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) attacks are a type of cyber attack in which an attacker establishes a long-term presence on a target’s network with the goal of stealing sensitive information or disrupting operations. These attacks are typically carried out by well-funded and well-organized groups, such as nation-state actors or criminal organizations. APT attacks are considered to be a significant threat to organizations because of their ability to evade detection for long periods of time and the potential for significant damage to be inflicted on the target. …Read More

1. Introduction Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a transport layer protocol that is responsible for establishing and maintaining end-to-end connections between applications in a network. It is a reliable, connection-oriented protocol that guarantees that data sent from one end will be received by the other end in the same order and without any errors. TCP uses a three-way handshake to establish a connection between two devices. The handshake process begins with the initiating device sending a SYN (synchronize) packet to the receiving device. …Read More

1. Introduction Remote Code Execution (RCE) is a type of security vulnerability that allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code on a target system. This can occur when an application or system does not properly validate user input, allowing an attacker to inject malicious code into the system. RCE vulnerabilities are considered a major threat because they can give an attacker complete control of a system, allowing them to steal sensitive information, install malware, or disrupt operations. …Read More

1. Introduction A password spraying attack is a type of cyber attack in which an attacker attempts to gain unauthorized access to many accounts by repeatedly trying a small list of commonly used passwords. This differs from a brute force attack, which involves repeatedly trying a large number of passwords in an attempt to guess a specific account’s password. Targets of password spraying attacks are often large organizations, such as corporations and government agencies, as well as smaller businesses and individuals. …Read More

1. Introduction Cybersecurity risk management is crucial for businesses of all sizes as cyber-attacks are becoming more frequent and sophisticated. This article will provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of cyber threats, trends, and the potential impact of a cyber-attack on a business or organisation. Organizations need to implement robust cybersecurity measures to protect their assets and data. 2. Understanding Cyber Risks Cyber threats come in many forms, including phishing, malware, and ransomware. …Read More

1. Introduction Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) is a framework for scoring and ranking the severity of software vulnerabilities. It provides a standardized method for assessing the risk associated with a particular vulnerability, which allows organizations to prioritize vulnerabilities and implement effective patch management processes. CVSS version 3.1 is the current version of the standard and it includes several improvements over previous versions. The standard is made up of three metric groups: Base, Temporal, and Environmental. …Read More

1. Introduction to Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and its importance in cybersecurity Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) is a standardised naming scheme for security vulnerabilities and exposures. The project aims to provide a unique identifier for each vulnerability, allowing for easy identification and tracking. The CVE List, which is maintained by the National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center (NCCIC), is a comprehensive list of all known CVEs. The list is updated regularly and provides detailed information on each vulnerability, including a description and a CVSS score. …Read More